Fig. 5

Network and expression profiles of kidney proteins for progressor baseline (PBL) vs. progressor follow-up (PF). A Protein–protein interactions of significantly abundant kidney proteins in PBL vs. PF (n = 72 nodes, n absolute logFC > 0.5 = 26). Nodes represent individual proteins, and edges represent protein–protein interactions. Proteins with increased abundance are displayed with red rims, whereas blue rims represent decreased abundance. Proteins predicted to be secreted (n = 3) are highlighted as pink nodes, whereas proteins with transcription factor activity (n = 1) are represented as purple squares. Significantly expressed kidney proteins (p < 0.05) with absolute log₂ FC < 0.5 are represented as grey nodes. The graph was generated via the Fruchterman-Reingold algorithm. Nodes with fewer than three interactions, or isolated nodes were removed from the network. B Density plots depicting significant proteins (p-value < 0.05) expressed in renal compartments: proximal tubules, distal tubules, collecting ducts, cells in tubules, cells in glomeruli, and Bowman’s capsule. The distribution of log₂ FC expression values for DEPs within the respective compartments is shown. Proteins expressed in multiple renal compartments are depicted as circles, whereas single-compartment proteins are depicted as triangles. C Boxplots showing the log₂ abundance levels for selected markers CYSC, ENO1, MPST and PDCD1LG2